Globally, over 700 million people, mostly located in the rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, lack access to reliable electricity. The progress in electrification, achieved through the extension of the main grids, is notably slow and capital intensive; alternative off-grid energy generation systems (e.g. microgrid, solar home systems) allow electrification “on the spot” by leveraging the combination of renewable (e.g. solar, wind) and fossil energy sources.  

A major barrier to the electrification process, experienced by Governments and private companies as well as International Funding Institutions, is the lack of information and actionable data, which make it difficult to determine the geographical area, village or communities that could benefit from the investment in off-grid systems. Notoriously, a range of insights are needed to plan and deliver vital infrastructure projects, including key information such the village location, the number of households, the current level of electrifications and the livelihood of local economies.  

Lighting up the world

In this scenario, a project supported by the ESA Business Applications programme, and implemented by the German start-up Village Data Analytics (VIDA), developed software which gathers insight from the targeted area for electrification. The system relies on the use of Artificial Intelligence algorithms which analyse EU Copernicus Sentinel and night-light images, combined with other data sources to determine the presence of settlements, electricity, road infrastructures and water bodies. These data are used to create the ranking of the villages, across the area of interest, which could benefit the most from the investment in off-grid energy systems. 

A window of opportunity has opened for rural areas in developing countries across Africa and Asia

A VIDA prototype has been tested by the pilot users such as KfW Mozambique, Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) in Ethiopia, and the World Bank in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Lesotho. As remarked by Cristiano Cialone, ESA Business Applications Officer: “The prototype has been engineered following a prominent user-driven approach and validated through the KPIs’ benchmark with the traditional electrification processes. The subsequent performance analysis has evidenced positive macro trends related to: the cost/time reduction, for village ranking, compared to non-space based solutions; the increase of return on investment (ROI) for project of electrification in rural areas; the increase of energy consumption in the newly electrified areas of round 256%; the 80% reduction of CO2 emission thanks to the use of renewable energies for electricity generation”. Since the launch of the platform in February 2021, VIDA has served more than 200 users and projects in more than 15 countries across Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The software has contributed to the success of projects worth millions of Euros, and ultimately has provided clean and safe electricity (e.g. UN SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all) for educational hubs or health facilities.

Industry, Users, and Institution played a key role in the success of VIDA

VIDA was initiated through “Space for microgrids in developing countries’, an initiative launched by ESA Space Solutions in cooperation with the India Energy Storage Alliance (IESA), that aims to exploit satellite data to optimise the impact of microgrids electrification projects for rural or ‘off-grid’ communities. 

“We are pleased with the excellent results of the project which confirm the potential for space applications to address sustainable development goals in export markets”, said Davide Coppola, Head of Space Applications Initiatives Section at ESA.

An important role was played by the German Delegation, which recognised the key role of electrification and has provided the necessary funding support. Anke Freimuth, Programme Coordinator of ESA Business Applications at the German Aerospace Centre (DLR), said “Electricity is a critical infrastructure for almost all areas of life. The VIDA project, supported by DLR via the ESA Business Applications programme, makes an important contribution to this. With the help of smart grids, access to electricity in developing countries is made easier. We are thrilled to see how the VIDA team delivers excellent results through their high competence and commitment and are impressed on how they make a significant contribution to one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the help of space data.” 

The opportunity created by ESA and DLR has been certainly exploited at its best by the VIDA start-up, which combined competencies, market research, technology and user engagement capabilities to implement the service platform currently in use. Philippe Raisin, Chief Technology Officer of Munich-based VIDA, said: “Development in the world’s most remote areas cannot be achieved without data. A major barrier has been that the people with the money haven’t had the data to identify where they can make the greatest difference to communities. Our platform supports nations to leave no one behind in their journey towards the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore, the ESA Business Applications Demonstration project provided the VIDA team with the guidance and support needed to develop, test and roll-out the VIDA platform in a very short time.”

VIDA's success is also related to the involvement of end-users and customer representatives; they have collaborated in the requirement formalisation since the earliest project stages and have lately been involved in the prototype testing. Nowadays, many customers use the platform to serve the purposes of electrification projects around the world, as testified by George Harris, Head of Business Development at PowerGen Renewable Energy, says: “VIDA allows us to significantly cut down the time it takes us to select and plan new mini-grids, allowing us to build more renewable mini-grids faster. VIDA is now being used by most of our country teams across Africa, from initial country scan to detailed system sizing and distribution planning. Any new sites that we are building in the future will involve VIDA's analyses." Other worldwide financial players, affirm: “Working with VIDA has truly strengthened the advisory support we can offer our government clients – our support is now bigger, better and faster. Planning the electrification of a whole country used to take more than two years. With VIDA, this is a matter of months.”

Dr Rita Rinaldo, Head of the Project and Studies Implementation Division at ESA remarked that “VIDA has demonstrated the potential that integrated space solutions can offer to address the needs of the energy sector, and the vital role of ESA in enabling SMEs and NewSpace companies developing innovation to support the green transition in an economically sustainable way”. This method is being adopted as best practice across several businesses and multi-disciplinary domains to support the Industry, to foster economic growth and contribute to sustainable development (e.g. UN SDGs).

During the Living Planet Symposium, colleagues from ESA’s Business Applications and Space Solutions (BASS) programme presented their approach to drive purposeful innovation through international cooperation. They shared examples of innovative funding calls completed with partners as it supports the transition into a sustainable, green, and digital Europe.

The space ecosystem is experiencing exponential transformation of business models, with new space players, including startups, and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), entering space markets at an unprecedented rate. New applications and business models which would have been unthinkable only a few years ago are now standing up to provide breakthrough solutions to today’s environmental, social, and economic challenges, benefitting the public, private sector and society at large.

One of the key objectives of ESA’s Telecommunications and Integrated Applications (TIA) Directorate in support of the green transition and of the ESA accelerator “Space For A Green Future” is to build partnerships with champions, early adopters, and anchor users to foster development and utilisation of upstream and downstream end-to-end connectivity solutions complemented by big data/AI and other space resources for delivering green impact.

Innovation calls with private and public partners were presented at the Living Planet Symposium as examples of fruitful cooperation with non-space players to create seeds for decarbonisation and green benefits. These include:

• Space Applications to Advance Innovation on Circular Cities
• Space for Hydro Energy Sector
• Green Buildings Services
• Plastic-Less Society
• Urban Green
• Space and Digital Transformation for Green Energy Utilities
• Digital Transformation and Green Economy 
• Space for Tourism

“Partnerships are central to reach out to communities that are key to the green transition,” expressed Rita Rinaldo, Head of the Projects & Studies Implementation Division, ESA Space Solutions. “Collecting their needs, facilitating networking and collaborations with space and downstream communities are key to effectively promote space utilisation to non-space communities.”

During the event, ESA colleagues also met with partners to strengthen existing collaborations. Agri-food is one of the key sectors impacted by climate change and geo-political challenges. It was agreed to increase the involvement and engagement of key agri-food businesses and corporates operating in the food supply chain, leveraging on their extended networks.

ESA is partnering with the Financial Times (FT) to explore the opportunities for Investing in Space

As the space economy evolves, what are the practical steps to successful investment in this new asset class? How do you evaluate space businesses and determine the risks and potential ROI? Will the upward investment trajectory continue? How does space align with ESG strategies and fit into existing portfolios? How might escalating geopolitical conflict increase public sector investment in space technologies?

FT's Investing in Space summit will bring together government agencies, investors, and technology companies to explore how the commercial space business is maturing and the extent to which it is providing fertile ground or sustainable investment. Leveraging the convening power of the FT, and through expert moderation, the event will provide an update on the latest technology, insight on investment opportunities, and analysis of the future of space as a new asset class.

The first day (June 8th) will be a virtual programme, and the second day (June 9th) will bring speakers, delegates and partners together in-person in London.

Please see here for more information and registration. 

Some of the topics that will be presented are as follows:  

• Will the current investment boom continue? With historically high rates of failure and few companies attracting revenues, let alone making profits, the business of space is not without risk. But with high risk, comes the potential for high rewards.
• How can public-private collaboration provide a new framework for growth? A robust space sector is dependent on policies and mechanisms that support and de-risk investment; in light of this, public-private collaboration will be key in enabling the next generation of space innovation.
• Spotlight on the US - Fuelling the space economy The maturity of the US space economy is far ahead of the rest of the world. Will government support and investment frameworks continue to provide fertile conditions for investment and innovation?
• The Investor's Perspective As space activity increases, a growing number of potential investors are considering the options for successful involvement in this new asset class.
• Taking European Space to the next-level: ESA Agenda 2025. Keynote by ESA Director General, Josef Aschabacher.
• How can investment in space support sustainability goals on Earth? New space technologies are offering innovative solutions to tackle the climate crisis here on earth. However emerging technologies must be supported with robust regulatory framework which ensures a safe and sustainable future for space that crucially protects planet Earth. Panellists include ESA Director General, Josef Aschabacher.
• Space Governance: How can we ensure space is secure, safe and sustainable? With the private sector taking an increasingly prominent role in shaping the future of the space economy- who is really setting the rules for space?
• Investing in space as an enabler of sustainable industrial growth. From automotive to pharmaceutical, a host of industries which were not previously active in the space arena, are pursuing new investment opportunities.
• Investing in talent and skills for the future space economy. With escalating demand for both technical and non-technical expertise, the skills gap continues to widen. Public-private collaboration will be key to enable the next generation of skills for the space economy.
• How can SMEs secure the financing to achieve commercial viability? This session will bring together the perspectives from Venture Capital, SMEs and accelerators as they discuss funding and experiences and achieving commercial viability.
• What new innovations are over the horizon? How will the shift be made from science fiction to reality when considering new innovations such as space-based solar power, robotic manufacturing and lunar habitats?
• Space Innovation Showcase. This session will convene the next-generation of space trailblazers who will showcase their innovations in a series of 5 min elevator pitches. Moderated by ESA's Frank Salzgeber, Head of Innovation and Ventures Office.

The commodities market is benefitting from a new solution that monitors climate risks and emissions in its supply chain, thanks to a project co-funded through ESA’s Advanced Research in Telecommunications Systems (ARTES) 4.0 programme. The SMOCGEO product from Sust Global applies machine learning methods to space-derived data to provide both long-term and near real-time monitoring, providing insights to support sustainability in the market.

Weather and other climate-related events can have a significant impact on commodity prices. Commodities market intelligence firms are therefore keen to access information on global patterns of climate activity and their corresponding effects on commodities prices, enabling customers to predict business disruptions and adapt their operations accordingly. Despite increasing availability of climate data, the challenge has always been to access information that is both timely and forward-looking – something that Sust Global sought to address in its Sustainability Monitoring of Commodities using Geospatial Analytics (SMOCGEO) project by applying machine learning to satellite data.

How climate events affect commodity prices

Commodities such as raw materials or agricultural products have supply chains that are highly exposed to the effects of climate change, such as wildfires, flooding, drought or cyclones. 

For example, when Taiwan's total rainfall in the first quarter of 2021 was 22% lower than its average, some areas of Taichung faced water supply cuts for two days every week. This included Taiwan’s leading semiconductor producer, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), which uses 150,000 tons of water every day in the process of making semiconductors. TSMC produces 92% of the world’s most sophisticated chips, so the lack of water caused a shortage of new devices that incorporate them, such as smartphones and other smart devices. 

Financial markets need to be able to take into account risks, including those linked to climate change, when they place a value on assets in order to support informed decision-making. Related to this, companies, banks, and investors have to comply with emissions reporting standards and frameworks, such as the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), set up by the Financial Stability Board in the US. Cheaper and more up-to-date information on emissions are therefore highly desirable.

Delivering timely emissions data

Commodities supply chains include industries that emit high levels of emissions, especially mines and smelters. However, until now, methods of gathering emissions data for greenhouse gases such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) have been both expensive and backwards looking, relying on statistical sampling from physical site visits or data that is 6 to 12 months out of date. 

Sust Global has tackled this by fusing satellite data with geospatial data and machine learning techniques to transform complex climate data into meaningful information for corporates and financial institutions. This provides customers with high quality physical climate risk exposure and emissions data on an asset-by-asset basis. 

To monitor emissions, SMOCGEO uses data from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on the Sentinel-5P satellite, which monitors both SO2 and NO2 emissions. It then applies satellite-derived technology to improve the cadence and resolution of forward-looking climate risk datasets. For example, using wildfire detection sensors from NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Terra and Aqua satellites helps increase the resolution of its predictive models by 16 times compared with existing solutions. Data is made available on a weekly or monthly basis. 

New indicators on global activity and sustainability based on satellite and machine learning technologies, such as factory activity and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, are also available. 

Josh Gilbert, CEO of Sust Global, says: “Through the SMOCGEO project, we have been able to commercialise satellite-derived data and serve it to multiple customers. ESA’s support has been critical to our early success as a start-up, and has helped us to bring cutting-edge sustainability insights and analytics to market.”

With the project now complete, the product is being used by paying blue chip customers, whose feedback is being incorporated into further development. Sust Global’s cloud-based technical infrastructure enables analysts to intuitively interact with millions of data points across the globe, turning raw data into operational business insights.

The European Space Agency (ESA) has joined the Global Alliance for Sustainable Energy as it works with stakeholders to achieve its target to boost commercialisation for a green and digital Europe.

Society is currently experiencing a green transition, which is revolutionising business models, technology innovation and use, consumption and offering of applications, and sharing of knowledge. Space can offer sustainable and commercial solutions for a decarbonised, green economy. 

The energy sector is at the start of a pathway of exponential improvements:  space and digital technologies play a relevant role to support policy, decision making and green investments, and overall enable purposeful transformation of the energy sector and its transition to circular economy.  In particular, hybrid terrestrial-satellite 5G networks have a strong potential to support such green transformation for the energy utility sector and beyond, enabling green transition in key vertical markets.

The objective of the Global Alliance for Sustainable Energy is to foster and promote sustainability along the entire renewable energy value chain with a particular focus on environmental, social, governance and circular economy pillars. Joining the alliance will offer ESA new opportunities to establish collaboration frameworks to unleash the potential of space assets to contribute to the energy transition and deliver net positive socio-economic and environmental impact at scale.

ESA’s Agenda 2025 outlines the challenges ahead as the agency seeks to maintain and grow Europe’s role in the space economy. Its vision declares “To meet our ambitions for a green, digital, safe and inclusive Europe and world, we need to accelerate the use of space in Europe.” To this end, ESA recently launched three accelerators to unite European space actors to collectively put their strengths and excellence to work to drive the use of space. “Space for a Green Future” will support not only living and working towards a more sustainable life on Earth, but also aid decision makers in reaching carbon neutrality by 2050  and offer sustainable and commercial solutions for a decarbonised and green economy. It will add value to ESA’s role as a leader of space technology and applications, as well as in developing next-generation architectures.

“I’m pleased to be working with the Global Alliance for Sustainable Energy to realise the potential of space to enable the transformation of the energy sector and its transition to a circular economy. This is a great example on how ESA is promoting integrated space applications to play a key role in sustainable development and green growth. This collaboration will pave the way to the Space for a Green Future Accelerator, where public and private actors will join forces demonstrating the value of space in delivering green benefits in the vertical markets, including the energy sector.“ says Rita Rinaldo, Head of the Partner-led and Thematic Initiatives Section, ESA Space Solutions.

Through its Business Applications programme, ESA’s Telecommunications and Integrated Applications (TIA) Directorate is supporting businesses from every area of the economy that involves space-related applications including in sustainability. 

‘‘Collaboration with users and potential stakeholders is key for ESA to promote pioneering technical and business space solutions supporting a green transition. Joining the Global Alliance for Sustainable Energy will enable us to address core industry challenges that will enable us to deliver a real, measurable benefit to society, businesses, and the economy,’’ says Elodie Viau, Director of Telecommunications and Integrated Applications at ESA.

Find out more about ESA's part in the Alliance on the member page here.